On the Sound-Meaning Relationship Between Jiāo (教), Xué (学) / Xiào (敩) and Xiào (效)
Author(s)：
WANG Yueting
1
;
YANG Jianzhong
2
Affiliation(s)：
1
浙江工业大学人文学院 杭州 310023
2
杭州师范大学人文学院 杭州 311121
Cite this article
GB/T 7714
WANG Yueting,YANG Jianzhong,etc.On the Sound-Meaning Relationship Between Jiāo (教), Xué (学) / Xiào (敩) and Xiào (效)[J].,2022(02):54-61.
MLA
WANG Yueting, and YANG Jianzhong. "On the Sound-Meaning Relationship Between Jiāo (教), Xué (学) / Xiào (敩) and Xiào (效).",02(2022):54-61.
APA
WANG Yueting, & YANG Jianzhong. (2022)On the Sound-Meaning Relationship Between Jiāo (教), Xué (学) / Xiào (敩) and Xiào (效)[J].,(02),54-61.
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Abstract
jiāo (教), xué (学) / xiào (敩) and xiào (效) belong to the same word family, but jiāo (教, to teach)
is not the causative verb of xué (学, to learn). Three main factors i.e. the teacher, the learner, and knowledge skills
have been involved in the teaching event. When the teacher as the controller takes the subject position, the pattern
of “to teach (教) someone (to do) something” will be formed. When the learner as a weaker controller takes the
subject position, the pattern of “to learn (学) language skills”or “to imitate (效) teachers” may be contructed.
Similar examples include 捕vs.逋, 辟vs.避, and略vs. 赂. These pairs share the same pattern of subject-object with
varying degrees of controlling property taking the subject position. In addition, jiāo (教) depending on alternation
of level tone and departing tone, semantically diff erentiates “to teach someone (to do) something” from “to instruct
and educate”. Xué (学) indicates an external argument by the change to the departing tone (later written as 敩). Such
change was traditionally termed as causative. Sometimes, these pairs of characters of the same word family become
interchangeable or mutually explicable due to similar sounds or meanings.
Keywords
jiāo (教); xué (学) / xiào (敩); xiào (效); diff ering
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Fund
国家社科基金一般项目“‘异读’标记视角下的上古汉语双及物结构研究”（18BYY162）;国家社科基金重点项目“16 批战 国楚简谐声通假数据库建设与上古音研究”（17AYY013）
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